The concept of a multi-site church, where a single church has multiple campuses in different locations, has become increasingly common in recent years. However, some Christians question whether this model aligns with biblical principles for the church. Here is an overview of what the Bible says related to this issue:
The unity of the church
The Bible emphasizes the importance of unity within the church. Jesus prayed that his followers “may all be one” (John 17:21). Paul instructed the Corinthians that there should be “no division” among them and that they should be “united in the same mind and the same judgment” (1 Corinthians 1:10). He also wrote that the church is one body with many members, not isolated parts (1 Corinthians 12:12-27).
Some argue that a multi-site model, with congregations in diverse locations, could undermine the biblical call to unity. Different campuses may start to function too independently rather than as parts of one whole. However, proponents of multi-site churches note that technology today allows the various campuses to stay closely connected through shared sermons, coordination by central leadership, and embracing one vision.
Church government and leadership
The New Testament teaches that each local church should be led by a team of elders/overseers and deacons (Philippians 1:1, 1 Timothy 3:1-13). The elders are responsible for teaching, caring for, and guiding the congregation (Acts 20:28, 1 Peter 5:1-5). A multi-site setup could make it difficult for church elders to adequately shepherd and be intimately involved with all congregants across multiple campuses.
Advocates of multi-site note that modern pastors cannot personally know every attendee anyway, even in a megachurch with thousands of people. They propose having local campus pastors who handle more day-to-day needs, while a central group of elders provides overarching leadership. Still, critics worry this structure could conflict with the biblical model.
Fellowship and connectedness
The New Testament strongly promotes fellowship and community within the church. Believers are urged to meet together regularly (Hebrews 10:24-25), serve one another (Galatians 5:13), bear one another’s burdens (Galatians 6:2), and show hospitality (Romans 12:13). Multi-site campuses may inhibit close fellowship since a congregation is split across different locations.
On the other hand, multi-site proponents point out that small groups, classes, and ministry teams can facilitate fellowship even in a large church. Interactive technology also allows cross-campus connections. So genuine Christian community remains possible across multiple physical sites.
Reaching the lost
A core mission of the church is spreading the gospel and making disciples (Matthew 28:19-20). Multi-site campuses allow a single church to establish a collective presence in more areas of a community or region. This enables broader evangelistic impact and outreach to “all nations” (Luke 24:47).
At the same time, some worry multi-site expansion could sometimes be more about growing a brand than reaching the lost. So the motivation behind adding campuses is an important consideration. If driven by gospel-centered compassion, then multi-site gives more opportunity to fulfill the Great Commission.
Diversified ministry
The apostle Paul explains that a key purpose of the church’s many spiritual gifts is “for the equipping of the saints for the work of ministry” (Ephesians 4:12). Christians are called to respond to local needs with love (Galatians 5:13-14). Multiple campuses allow a congregation to better customize ministry to different communities.
However, critics caution that multi-site churches could still struggle to identify certain local needs if campuses become too separated. Intentional effort is required to cultivate ministry tailored to each setting. When done well, multi-site provides the flexibility to serve diversified contexts.
Wise stewardship of resources
The Bible teaches that Christians should be wise stewards of their resources (Luke 12:42, 1 Corinthians 4:1-2). One appeal of multi-site is its cost efficiency. Sharing staff, curriculum, systems, and expenses across campuses allows each location to fully thrive without duplicating every ministry role and expense.
On the other hand, detractors feel multi-site is sometimes more about saving money than good stewardship. Each campus needs adequate investment to have a vibrant ministry impact. Efficiency gains from multi-site can be beneficial, but not at the expense of neglecting individual congregations.
Is multi-site right for every church?
When evaluating multi-site, some additional biblical principles are relevant:
- There is wisdom in seeking collective counsel (Proverbs 15:22). So church leadership should involve their congregation in significant decisions about multi-site campuses.
- Christians should humbly consider others more significant than themselves (Philippians 2:3-4). The needs of the community should take priority over a church’s own institutional desires.
- Division should be avoided over disputable matters not directly addressed in scripture (Romans 14:1). Faithful believers may disagree on the advisability of multi-site church structures.
In summary, the Bible does not directly prohibit or command multi-site churches. Specific multi-site models can be implemented with varying degrees of alignment to biblical principles for the church. Wise and discerning application of scriptural teaching is required to evaluate multi-site on a case-by-case basis.
The key questions church leadership should consider include:
- Will multi-site enhance or undermine unity?
- Does the church governance structure appropriately involve biblical eldership?
- Will fellowship and community be helped or hurt across multiple campuses?
- Is multi-site motivated by evangelism and discipleship or institutional success?
- Are the distinct needs of each community being addressed through ministry tailored for each context?
- Is the church stewarding resources wisely, or just replicating itself in the name of efficiency?
- Has the congregation been involved in the decision-making process about multi-site?
- Is the advancement of God’s Kingdom the top priority in this strategy?
If undertaken thoughtfully and purposefully, a multi-site approach can align with biblical values and present expanded opportunities for ministry impact. However, many pitfalls also exist if not implemented carefully. Seeking the Holy Spirit’s guidance is crucial when assessing if and how a church should establish an integrated, multi-location presence.
At the end of the day, structures and models matter less than the condition of a church’s heart. A congregation filled with passionate love for God and people can glorify Christ whether it meets in one place or in many. The deepest biblical measure is whether lives are being transformed by the gospel through the local church, wherever it gathers.
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